How life/age became longer

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Telomeres help protect DNA when cells divide, but they do not copy themselves independently.

### How do telomeres get copied?

![What is a double helix? Scientists use this term to describe the physical structure of DNA: a winding, two-stranded chemical structure. This shape — which looks much like a twisted ladder — gives DNA… | Eric Green, M.D., Ph.D.](https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/dINb0gZjGh90xKwRyXW6uZHP2Vsf1ZuWaA2JCIiQ7N5rhwkRZpYpnTDx0wI9Y7v6ZoputTXtBFGwtEqJsQKYWcNXt2dX0s7sVTO0ejyTB4osNXR8Ixmk3DwjIyNC4l_w2cWbL-9-DFpwDVpWah19WxuV9LClQGuGeNMw47QTMe86BI31z2kq6-ZHMyEVMtHe?purpose=fullsize)

1\. DNA is copied

Before a cell divides, it copies its DNA, including the telomere sequences at the ends of its chromosomes.

![Frontiers | Telomere Length as a Marker of Biological Age: State-of-the-Art, Open Issues, and Future Perspectives](https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/iXO_fEEY_qg5NlQjz5e9XYeESGPbBdqxd-xvIF65AUBPuWvKQpy8qY1BjrfYCPdHJ5-l0g-iY6hdUG8lBSjnDzKxgwpuj2QYToueYgC_YtVPuzUf5841no3ZkJvkw1khS4erBd67T-hmJWxMOHOQljvNFZrqn8QL8RF_bhyH3AtEKFeHe-Tefuns35EBHPGy?purpose=fullsize)

2\. Telomeres protect chromosome ends

Telomeres contain repeated DNA sequences that help protect chromosomes from damage.

![Telomeres](https://images.openai.com/static-rsc-4/SDZqk0rt-D26-jVGSEtbp5SR0ZdvrSWBgmbfs9U6tRfN8cYzjFR5etUBZdGhj29c3ChzXFpbhhdsFFuIATsswe1xrSOBLkZ0Edfd3PJ11fYBBhHCgI7E4rFTc4M2JD-w-cFoT1GyfMqQPoa4TGjX96AC7J8s2r9xNicD3Y9ybeuWUjMwcnVpB6rV6NRPjGiR?purpose=fullsize)

3\. Telomerase can extend telomeres

The enzyme telomerase adds repeated DNA sequences to chromosome ends in certain cells, helping maintain telomere length.

### Can telomeres copy forever?

Not naturally in every cell. Many ordinary body cells gradually lose telomere length as they divide. Telomerase is active in certain cells, including many stem cells and most cancer cells.

Scientists study telomeres because they are related to cell aging, but artificially increasing telomerase activity may also increase cancer risk.

In simple words: DNA copies the telomeres during cell division, and telomerase can add more telomere sequences.

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