How do we programme our neurons

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Sensory cells (also called sensory receptor cells) are specialized cells that detect changes in the body or environment and convert them into electrical signals for the nervous system.

How they work

Stimulus → Sensory receptor cell → Electrical signal → Sensory neuron → Brain & spinal cord → Perception or response

Examples of sensory cells

Photoreceptors (eyes) – detect light.

Hair cells (inner ear) – detect sound and balance.

Olfactory receptor cells (nose) – detect smells.

Taste receptor cells (tongue) – detect sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.

Mechanoreceptors (skin) – detect touch, pressure, and vibration.

Thermoreceptors (skin) – detect hot and cold.

Nociceptors (skin and tissues) – detect pain.

Chemicals inside sensory cells

Water (H₂O)

Cell membrane (phospholipids and cholesterol)

Proteins (ion channels, receptors, enzymes)

DNA

RNA

ATP (C₁₀H₁₆N₅O₁₃P₃)

Ions: Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Cl⁻

Neurotransmitters (depending on the sensory system), such as glutamate or acetylcholine.

Important: Sensory cells do not program the brain. They detect information and send signals to the brain. The brain changes through learning and neuroplasticity, especially when experiences are repeated.

Hybrid EEG + fNIRS cap
Decoding Layer (Analyze)
Modulation Layer (Write)

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